{"id":12010,"date":"2025-10-08T10:00:24","date_gmt":"2025-10-08T03:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/huanqiuribao.com\/?p=12010"},"modified":"2025-10-08T12:44:11","modified_gmt":"2025-10-08T05:44:11","slug":"2025%e8%af%ba%e8%b4%9d%e5%b0%94%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%ad%a6%e5%a5%96","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/huanqiuribao.com\/?p=12010","title":{"rendered":"2025\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u25b32025\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3bJohn Clarke\u3001Michel H. Devoret\u3001John M. Martinis\u3002\uff08\u7ffb\u6444\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5b98\u7f51\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u65af\u5fb7\u54e5\u5c14\u6469\u745e\u5178\u7687\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u96627\u65e5\u516c\u5e032025\u5e74\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\uff0c\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u514b\u62c9\u514b\uff08John Clarke\uff09\u3001\u7c73\u6b47\u5c14\u30fb\u5fb7\u6c83\u96f7\uff08Michel H. 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Junction\uff09\u6240\u963b\u6321\u3002\u6309\u7167\u53e4\u5178\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7535\u6d41\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u88ab\u8fd9\u9053\u5899\u5b8c\u5168\u6321\u4f4f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u5374\u8ba9\u6574\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u754c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u9707\u52a8\u3002\u4e09\u4f4d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f9d\u7136\u6210\u529f\u201c\u9003\u8131\u201d\u4e86\u88ab\u56f0\u4f4f\u7684\u96f6\u7535\u538b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u7535\u538b\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u7535\u6d41\u7684\u3001\u6570\u91cf\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u201c\u5b8f\u89c2\u7c92\u5b50\u201d\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a7f\u96a7\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6574\u4f53\u201c\u94bb\u201d\u8fc7\u4e86\u90a3\u9053\u80fd\u91cf\u969c\u58c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u957f\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ee4\u4eba\u8111\u6d1e\u5927\u5f00\u7684\u73b0\u8c61&#8212;-\u4f8b\u5982\u6ce2\u7c92\u4e8c\u8c61\u6027\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u7a7f\u96a7&#8212;-\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ea\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u539f\u5b50\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u7b49\u5fae\u5c0f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4eca\u5e74\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\uff0c\u5374\u4ee5\u5de8\u89c2\u7c92\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5f7b\u5e95\u98a0\u8986\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f20\u7edf\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u8089\u773c\u53ef\u89c1\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u662f\u900f\u8fc7\u4eea\u5668\u6d4b\u91cf\uff09\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u91cf\u5b50\u7a7f\u96a7\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u4e09\u4f4d\u6842\u51a0\u5f97\u4e3b\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e8e\u6b64\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u201c\u5b8f\u89c2\u7a7f\u96a7\u201d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8f\u89c2\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u91cf\u5b50\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u201c\u80fd\u91cf\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u201d\uff08Quantised Energy 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Hopfield\uff09\u548c\u6770\u5f17\u91cc\u30fb\u8f9b\u987f\uff08Geoffrey Hinton\uff09\u53bb\u5e74\u56e0\u5960\u5b9a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u8363\u83b7\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5386\u6765\u6700\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\uff0c\u9996\u63a81915\u5e74\u4ee5\u201c\u501f\u7531X\u5149\u5206\u6790\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\u83b7\u5956\u7684\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u30fb\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\uff08Lawrence Bragg\uff0c\u65f6\u5e7425\u5c81\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u5e74\u957f\u7684\u83b7\u5956\u8005\u5219\u662f2018\u5e74\u5f97\u4e3b\u4e9a\u745f\u30fb\u827e\u8bb8\u91d1\uff08Arthur Ashkin\uff0c\u65f6\u5e7496\u5c81\uff09\uff0c\u5f97\u5956\u7406\u7531\u662f\u201c\u53d1\u660e\u5149\u954a\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u739b\u4e3d\u30fbE\u30fb\u5e03\u6717\u67ef\uff08Mary E. Brunkow\uff09\u3001\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u30fb\u84dd\u65af\u5fb7\u5c14\uff08Fred Ramsdell\uff09\u548c\u5742\u53e3\u5fd7\u6587\u535a\u58eb\u56e0\u53d1\u73b0\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u653b\u51fb\u7ec6\u83cc\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u83b7\u5f97\u4eca\u5e74\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u6216\u533b\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u9646\u7eed\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u662f\u5316\u5b66\u5956\uff088\u65e5\uff09\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u5956\uff089\u65e5\uff09\u3001\u548c\u5e73\u5956\uff0810\u65e5\uff09\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u5219\u662f13\u65e5\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u9881\u5956\u5178\u793c\u5219\u5c06\u4e8e12\u670810\u65e5\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5929\u4e5f\u662f\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u963f\u5c14\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u30fb\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\uff08Alfred Nobel\uff09\u7684\u5fcc\u65e5\u3002\uff08\u98ce\u4f20\u5a92 \uff09<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u514d\u8d23\u58f0\u660e\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u65b0\u95fb\uff08\u6216\u56fe\u7247\uff09\u4e3a\u5206\u4eab\/\u63f4\u5f15\/\u50a8\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u672c\u62a5\/\u672c\u7f51\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u76f8\u5173\u4fb5\u6743\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb\u6211\u4eec\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u8c22\u8c22\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25b32025\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3bJohn Clarke\u3001Michel H. Devoret\u3001John M. Martinis\u3002\uff08\u7ffb\u6444\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5b98\u7f51\uff09 \u65af\u5fb7\u54e5\u5c14\u6469\u745e\u5178\u7687\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u96627\u65e5\u516c\u5e032025\u5e74\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\uff0c\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u514b\u62c9\u514b\uff08John Clarke\uff09\u3001\u7c73\u6b47\u5c14\u30fb\u5fb7\u6c83\u96f7\uff08Michel H. Devoret\uff09\u4e0e\u7ea6\u7ff0\u30fb\u9a6c\u4e01\u5c3c\u65af\uff08John M. 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Energy 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Brunkow\uff09\u3001\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u30fb\u84dd\u65af\u5fb7\u5c14\uff08Fred Ramsdell\uff09\u548c\u5742\u53e3\u5fd7\u6587\u535a\u58eb\u56e0\u53d1\u73b0\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u653b\u51fb\u7ec6\u83cc\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u83b7\u5f97\u4eca\u5e74\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u6216\u533b\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u9646\u7eed\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u662f\u5316\u5b66\u5956\uff088\u65e5\uff09\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u5956\uff089\u65e5\uff09\u3001\u548c\u5e73\u5956\uff0810\u65e5\uff09\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u5219\u662f13\u65e5\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u9881\u5956\u5178\u793c\u5219\u5c06\u4e8e12\u670810\u65e5\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5929\u4e5f\u662f\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u963f\u5c14\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u30fb\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\uff08Alfred Nobel\uff09\u7684\u5fcc\u65e5\u3002\uff08\u98ce\u4f20\u5a92 \uff09 &nbsp; \u514d\u8d23\u58f0\u660e\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u65b0\u95fb\uff08\u6216\u56fe\u7247\uff09\u4e3a\u5206\u4eab\/\u63f4\u5f15\/\u50a8\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u672c\u62a5\/\u672c\u7f51\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u76f8\u5173\u4fb5\u6743\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb\u6211\u4eec\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u8c22\u8c22\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12011,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12010","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-berita-sains-dan-pendidikan"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>2025\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956 - Huanqiuribao<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/huanqiuribao.com\/?p=12010\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"2025\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956 - Huanqiuribao\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u25b32025\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3bJohn Clarke\u3001Michel H. Devoret\u3001John M. Martinis\u3002\uff08\u7ffb\u6444\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5b98\u7f51\uff09 \u65af\u5fb7\u54e5\u5c14\u6469\u745e\u5178\u7687\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u96627\u65e5\u516c\u5e032025\u5e74\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\uff0c\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u514b\u62c9\u514b\uff08John Clarke\uff09\u3001\u7c73\u6b47\u5c14\u30fb\u5fb7\u6c83\u96f7\uff08Michel H. Devoret\uff09\u4e0e\u7ea6\u7ff0\u30fb\u9a6c\u4e01\u5c3c\u65af\uff08John M. Martinis\uff09\u540c\u83b7\u6b8a\u8363\uff0c\u8bfa\u5956\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u79f0\u5176\u56e0\u201c\u53d1\u73b0\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u5de8\u89c2\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u7a7f\u96a7\u6548\u5e94\u4e0e\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u201d\u83b7\u5956\u3002 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\u4ece1901\u5e74\u81f32024\u5e74\uff0c\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u5df2\u9881\u53d1118\u6b21\uff0c\u5171\u6709226\u4f4d\u5f97\u4e3b\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u5148\u9a71\u7ea6\u7ff0\u30fb\u970d\u666e\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08John Hopfield\uff09\u548c\u6770\u5f17\u91cc\u30fb\u8f9b\u987f\uff08Geoffrey Hinton\uff09\u53bb\u5e74\u56e0\u5960\u5b9a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u8363\u83b7\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5386\u6765\u6700\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\uff0c\u9996\u63a81915\u5e74\u4ee5\u201c\u501f\u7531X\u5149\u5206\u6790\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\u83b7\u5956\u7684\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u30fb\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\uff08Lawrence Bragg\uff0c\u65f6\u5e7425\u5c81\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u5e74\u957f\u7684\u83b7\u5956\u8005\u5219\u662f2018\u5e74\u5f97\u4e3b\u4e9a\u745f\u30fb\u827e\u8bb8\u91d1\uff08Arthur 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